Early Parkinson’s warning signs may be hiding in the gut, study finds

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Specificbacteriain the gut could predict a person’s risk of developing Parkinson’s disease years before symptoms appear, new research suggests.

Led by researchers from University College London (UCL), an observational study analyzed the gut microbes of 271 patients in the U.K.who had been diagnosed with Parkinson’s.

Also included in the study were 43 carriers of the GBA1 variant, which has been linked to an almost 30 times higher risk ofParkinson’s disease.These participants did not have symptoms of the disease.There was also a control group of 150 healthy participants without the gene.

STUDY FINDS EVIDENCE OF MICROPLASTICS IN BRAINS AND OTHER ORGANS

Based on fecal samples, more than one-quarter of gut microbes — bacteria and other microorganisms in the digestive tract — were in different amounts for people with Parkinson’s disease compared to healthy individuals, according to a press release.

Non-symptomatic people carrying the Parkinson’s gene also had microbial changes that resembled an “intermediate” stage of the disease, which suggests that microbial changes may happen prior to symptoms emerging.

Older woman receiving care

Specific bacteria in the gut could predict a person’s risk of developing Parkinson’s disease years before symptoms appear, new research suggests.(iStock)

Those who reported eating a morediverse and balanced dietwere less likely to have microbiome patterns associated with higher Parkinson’s risk, the researchers found.

The findings, which were published in Nature Medicine, were also seen in over 1,400 participants across the U.K., Korea and Turkey, suggesting that the microbial changes are consistent across different cultures and dietary patterns.

“There is an urgent need to develop treatments that can stop or slow the disease’s progression.”

“Parkinson’s disease is a major cause of disability worldwide, and the fastest growingneurodegenerative diseasein terms of prevalence and mortality,” lead author professor Anthony Schapira of the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology said in the release.  

“There is an urgent need to develop treatments that can stop or slow the disease’s progression.”

ALZHEIMER’S RISK COULD RISE WITH COMMON CONDITION AFFECTING MILLIONS, STUDY FINDS

Patients with Parkinson’s are known to have “significant gut abnormalities,” according to Dr.Earnest Lee Murray, a board-certified neurologist at Jackson-Madison County General Hospital in Jackson, Tennessee.

One of those is severe constipation, which can occur several years before tremors and other symptoms. 

Older man eating fruit salad.

Those who reported eating a more diverse and balanced diet were less likely to have microbiome patterns associated with higher Parkinson’s risk, the researchers found.(iStock)

“There has long been a theory about thegut-brain axisand whether or not the pathology for Parkinson’s starts in the gut decades before stereotypical features are noted,�

The neurologist said the study sets the stage for additional research exploring the gut-brain axis theory, which could determine whether early pre-symptomatic treatments could prevent or mitigate the risk of developing Parkinson’s later in life.

 prevalence of Parkinson’sis increasing significantly, which underscores the importance of studies like this that attempt to prevent this debilitating neurodegenerative disease,” Murray added.

Parkinson

“With an aging population that is living longer, the prevalence of Parkinson’s is increasing significantly,” according to Dr.Earnest Lee Murray.(iStock)

Dr.Aaron Ellenbogen, medical director of the Parkinson’s Disease &Movement Disorders Center at the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, said it is not surprising that a change in the organisms living in theGI tractcan be a signature of evolving Parkinson’s pathology.

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“In general, people with GBA mutations tend to have Parkinson’s symptoms evolve in a way that is more consistent with a gut-first presentation,�  

Others may experience a different set of symptoms, including loss of sense of smell, before developing signs of motor Parkinson’s disease, he noted.

environmental factorscould play a role.

Woman clutching stomach

The researchers also noted that not everyone with at-risk microbiome profiles will develop the disease, as other genetic or environmental factors could play a role.(iStock)

Additionally, differences in microbiomes across various populations could skew the results.

“To enable both the research and eventual use ofsuch treatments, we need to develop the means for very early detection of people who will, or likely will, go on to develop the disease,” Schapira said.

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The study was funded by the Michael J.�s Research and the UK Medical Research Council.

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