Ancient silver cup may show world’s oldest cosmic creation scene, researcher says: ‘Chaos prevailed’

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Researchers believe they’ve found the oldest-known depiction of cosmic creation carved into a smallsilver cupunearthed over half a century ago.

The Ain Samiya goblet, discovered in the West Bank in 1970, is the subject of new research about how ancient people viewed the universe — and primordial chaos — in antiquity.

The cup was found in a sealed shaft tomb near the Palestinian town of Kafr Malik in the West Bank.It dates back to the Intermediate Bronze Age, roughly between 2650 and 1950 B.C.

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The cup depicts the moment of cosmic creation, when the universe was created and the cosmos formed, according to a study published in November in the Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society.

Study author Eberhard Zangger, a geoarchaeologist and the president of the

Ancient goblet next to stock image of milky way

Researchers say a 4,000-year-old silver cup from the West Bank may depict the earliest vision of cosmic creation.(Luwian Studies No.1213;iStock)

“On the left, we see a bull-man: a single human upper body with two faces, joined to two bull hindquarters — four hind legs in total,” he said.“On the right, two human figures once stood, although only one is fully preserved today.

“Together, they hold a semicircular arch in which a radiant, human-like face appears.In both scenes, a serpent is present — dominant in the left panel, subdued in the right.”

Zangger said he considers the depiction unique because no similar depiction has been found before.

“It provides insight across a vast geographical area and over at least two millennia, likely far more.”

“In the Hebrew Bible, this state is called Tohu wa-bohu.Echoes of it appear as late as Greek philosophy.… The cup visualizes this earlier, undifferentiated state from which the ordered world later emerged.”

He said the artist likely belonged to the Third Dynasty of Ur in southern Mesopotamia, now southern Iraq.

Drawing of the silver goblet from ˁAin Samiya

The Ain Samiya goblet, found in 1970, is now believed to portray humanity’s first imagined moment of creation.(Luwian Studies No.5037)

“It provides insight across a vast geographical area and over at least two millennia, likely far more.Creation myths certainly evolved and differed from region to region, but fundamental ideas recur with striking consistency.”

citing similar artfrom Mesopotamia, Egypt and Anatolia.

Split image of various artifacts with cosmic motifs

Archaeologists are reinterpreting the Ain Samiya goblet, suggesting its carvings reflect early cosmological beliefs.(Luwian Studies No.5076;Eberhard Zangger, Luwian Studies #5082)

“The symbolism highlights the stability, order and cyclical nature of the cosmo — the rebirth of the sun each morning, therenewal of vegetationin spring and the dependable rhythms that make human life possible,” he said.

“Maintaining this cosmic order was seen as a shared responsibility between gods and humans.Before cosmic order emerged, chaos prevailed, symbolized by the serpent.Chaos never disappears;it remains present but subdued as long as order is upheld.”

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A key point, Zangger added, is that artifacts “should not be viewed in isolation.”

He stressed the importance of comparative archaeology, considering finds from other regions and time periods.

Ancient symbols carved into stone at archaeological site

“It provides insight across a vast geographical area and over at least two millennia, likely far more,” said the author of a new study. (Luwian Studies No.1213)

“When we do that, we see how early ideas about creation developed, many of which still resonate in modern cultures,” he said, citing the star and crescent on Turkey’s national flag as a modern echo of ancient celestial symbols.

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“The long continuity of these symbols underscores how deeplyancient cosmological conceptsremain woven into our cultural identities,” Zangger concluded.