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Researchers at the University of Oklahoma have discovered a hormone that appears toreverse obesityin the body.
The new study, published in the journal Cell Reports, used mouse models to identify a naturally occurring hormone called FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21).
The hormone “appears to work by signaling to a brain region involved in metabolism and appetite regulation, the same area targeted by the popularGLP-1 drugs,” according to a university press release.
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FGF21 is reportedly already involved in thedevelopment of a drugto treat metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which is a form of fatty liver disease.
Lead study author Matthew Potthoff, PhD, a professor of biochemistry and physiology at OU College of Medicine and deputy director of the OU Health Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, said the study showed how the hormone sends “signals” to the lower back region of the brain.
Close up of unrecognisable woman in orange sport clothes measure weight on scale at home.(iStock)
“In our previous studies, we found that FGF21 signals to the brain instead of the liver, but we didn’t know where in the brain,” he wrote.
“We thought we would find that it signaled to the hypothalamus (which is widely implicated inbody weightregulation), so we were very surprised to discover that the signal was to the hindbrain, which is where the GLP-1 analogs are believed to act.”
gastrointestinal issuesand, in some cases, bone loss.
“We hope that by identifying the specific circuit, it can help in the creation of more targeted therapies that are effective without negative side effects,” he added.
According to the study, the hormone “appears to work by signaling to a brain region involved in metabolism and appetite regulation, the same area targeted by the popular GLP-1 drugs.”(iStock)
The FGF21 and GLP-1 hormones act differently, although they target the same area of the brain, according to the researchers.While GLP-1 reduces food intake via appetite, FGF21 increases metabolic rate, burning energy and triggeringweight loss.
Potthoff shared his hope for a new FGF21 drug that could target both weight loss and MASH, noting that additional studies are necessary to explore this potential.
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Dr. Peter Balazs MD, a hormone and weight loss specialist practicing in New York and New Jersey, said this discovery raises the possibility of targeting metabolic rate “directly,” rather than relying only on calorie restriction.
“However, this is apreclinical [mouse] studyusing diet-induced obesity models, which is not fully relevant or similar to human obesity’s chronic metabolic adaptations,�
“The study is a nice first step toward alternative biochemical pathways for treating obesity,” a hormone expert commented.(iStock)
FGF21 behaves differently in humans than in mice, as obese people have higher levels of the hormone in their blood, according to Balazs.This raises the question of how effective FGF21-based treatments would be.
“There are also importantclinical concerns, such as whether FGF21 analogs can cause side effects like digestive issues and bone loss, which is especially risky since obesity already increases the chance of fractures,” he cautioned.“The study doesn’t explain how these issues might be managed.”
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